PROCESS DESIGN

The process design stage is critical for the development of a new chemical process or the modification of an existing one. At Technitas Pvt. Ltd. we ensure that during the process design stage there is a seamless collaboration between our process engineers, piping engineers, instrumentation engineers, and other disciplines to ensure a safe, efficient, and operable process design. The outputs of this stage serve as the basis for detailed engineering, procurement, and construction activities.

The essential process design deliverables typically required for any small-medium sized project include the following: -

➣ Process Simulation (HYSYS/PRO-II) -Process simulations are carried out using specialized software like Aspen HYSYS or PRO-II to model the process behavior and performance. These simulations help in optimizing process conditions, sizing equipment, and predicting process streams and properties. Different scenarios and "what-if" cases can be analyzed to arrive at the most efficient and economical process design.

➣ Heat & Mass Balance Detailed heat and mass balances are performed to ensure the conservation of energy and material throughout the process. These calculations help in determining the energy requirements, utility needs, and material flows at various points in the process.

➣ Piping and Equipment Sizing Based on the process conditions and flow rates obtained from simulations and mass balances, the sizes of pipes, vessels, and other equipment are determined. Appropriate design codes and standards are followed for the sizing calculations, considering factors like pressure, temperature, corrosion allowance, and fluid properties.

➣ CV Sizing Calculations Control valve (CV) sizing calculations are performed to select the appropriate valve size and trim characteristics based on the process conditions and flow requirements. These calculations ensure proper control valve performance and avoid issues like cavitation, flashing, or excessive noise.

➣ Process and Flow Diagram (PFD) alternatively a block flow diagram would be prepared for the concerned plant or unit, this would include a graphical representation of the overall process, showing the major equipment, material flows, and process conditions. It serves as the basis for a more detailed Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) and helps in visualizing the process flow.

➣ Process and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) At Technitas Pvt. Ltd. we believe that the P&ID is the central basis for reference and must be a comprehensive technical drawing that depicts the interconnection of process equipment, piping, instrumentation, and control systems. It would typically include details like line sizes, equipment specifications, valve types, and instrumentation tagging, providing a detailed representation of the process.

➣ Hydraulic/Pressure Drop Calculations Hydraulic calculations are performed to determine the pressure drop across various segments of the piping system, considering factors like pipe size, flow rates, fluid properties, and piping configurations. These calculations ensure proper sizing of pumps, compressors, and other equipment to overcome the pressure losses in the system.

➣ Valve Sizing In addition to control valves, other types of valves like isolation valves, relief valves, and check valves are sized based on the process conditions and flow requirements. Valve sizing calculations consider factors like pressure drop, flow rate, and fluid properties to ensure proper valve selection and performance.

➣ Valve Datasheets Valve datasheets are prepared for each valve in the process, summarizing key information like valve type, size, material of construction, pressure and temperature ratings, and other specifications. These datasheets are used for procurement and ensure that the correct valves are selected and installed.

➣ Pump Sizing Pump sizing calculations are performed to select the appropriate pump type, size, and configuration based on the process requirements, such as flow rate, pressure head, and fluid properties. Factors like pump efficiency, NPSH (Net Positive Suction Head), and system curves are considered during the sizing process.

➣ Pump Datasheets - Pump datasheets are prepared to document the specifications of each pump in the process, including details like pump type, capacity, head, efficiency, materials, and other relevant information.

➣ Instrument Datasheets Instrument datasheets are prepared for each instrument in the process, such as flow meters, temperature transmitters, pressure gauges, and control systems. These datasheets contain information like instrument type, range, accuracy, materials, process conditions, and other relevant details for procurement and installation.

➣ Lists – A comprehensive list of components including their tag numbers, this would typically include Equipment lists, pump lists, valve lists, and instrument list.